Dhimmitude: Archive

Note: Many of the publications in this archive are in the form of Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) files. In order to read them, you will need the software called the Adobe Acrobat Reader, free for personal use. Just click the link.

Prize Award event in memory of the Rev. Dr. James Parkes, Hebrew University

The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, the Faculty of Humanities, and the International Centre for the Study of Antisemitism. Lecture by Ron Nettler and Prize Award in Memory of the Rev. Dr. James Parkes. Opening Remarks by Bat Ye'or. Thursday, 20 December 1984. (PDF 108KB download)

The Dhimmi Factor in the Exodus of Jews From Arab Countries

By Bat Ye'or. From The Forgotten Millions, Malka Hillel Shulewitz (Editor), Chapter 3, pp. 33-51, Cassell Academic; ISBN: 0304700789; (July 1999). (PDF 1.1MB download)

Bat Ye'or highlights how the post-colonial resurgence of traditional Islamic oppression (i.e., 'dhimmitude') of Jews and Christians intensified following the creation of Israel, as the liberation of an indigenous dhimmi people (i.e., the Jews) within its historic homeland was viewed as a 'Naqbah' ('Catastrophe') not only by Arab Palestinians, but by the Islamic Arab world at large.

The Forgotten Refugees: An exchange of populations

By David G. Littman, National Review Online, December 3, 2002

Dhimmitude: Jews and Christians Under Islam

By Bat Ye'or. From Midstream, February-March 1997 (PDF 916KB download)

All the countries, outside of Asia, that were conquered by jihad were inhabited by Christians and Jews. The interaction of these vanquished peoples with the Muslim conquerers is governed by the concept of Dhimmitude.

Israel, Christianity, and Islam: The Challenge of the Future

By Bat Ye'or. From Midstream, February-March 2001 (PDF 1.6MB download)

Wars of liberation in the 19th Century restored Christian sovereignty to lands in Eastern Europe that had been under Muslim dominion for centuries, leading millions of Muslim to flee to Anatolia, Syria and Palestine. And in 1948 Israel emerged in the same way, re-establishing Jewish law and culture in a land where the last sovereign was the Ottoman Empire, replaced after World War I by the British Mandate. In the view of Islamic doctrine, Israel is the same as all the other countries liberated from dhimmitude status but it also differs in that Israel is still surrounded by a wholly Muslim region and Palestinian Arabs demanding a "right of return". The article explores the implications of this situation for the Israel-Palestinian Arab conflict.

The Decline of Eastern Christianity under Islam (Introduction)

By Bat Ye'or. From the book published by Fairleigh Dickinson University Press/Associated University Presses (1996)

The Dhimmi: Jews and Christians under Islam (Introduction)

By Bat Ye'or. From the book published by Fairleigh Dickinson University Press/Associated University Presses (1985)

A Culture of Hate

Introduction to an "analysis and discussion" at the United Nations (Geneva), 31 July 2001, organized by the NGO, Association for World Education. (Spoken in French)

A Christian Minority: The Copts in Egypt

By Bat Ye'or under the name Y. Masriya. Reprinted from Case Studies on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, A World Survey, Volume Four, published for the Foundation for the Study of Plural Societies, Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1976. This article was originally published in French 19 January 1973 by the Centre d'Information et de Documentation sur le Moyen-Orient (Geneva, Switzerland). This is an enlarged, revised and corrected English translation of that text. (PDF 847KB download)